Carpenter & Joiner
A carpenter and joiner works with wood and timber to construct, install, and repair structural and decorative elements in buildings. From first-fix framing and roof structures to bespoke furniture and fine joinery, carpentry is central to most building projects.
What does a carpenter and joiner do?
Carpenters and joiners cover a broad range of woodworking tasks, including:
- First-fix carpentry (roof structures, floor joists, stud partitions, door frames)
- Second-fix carpentry (skirting boards, architraves, door hanging, window boards)
- Loft conversions and timber-frame construction
- Bespoke fitted furniture (wardrobes, shelving, storage solutions)
- Kitchen and bathroom fitting
- Staircase construction and installation
- Timber decking and pergola construction
- Heritage restoration and period woodwork repair
Do carpenters need qualifications?
Carpentry is not a legally regulated trade, but professional carpenters typically hold recognised qualifications. NVQ Level 2 or 3 in Wood Occupations (Site Carpentry or Bench Joinery) is the standard vocational route, usually completed through an apprenticeship.
A CSCS (Construction Skills Certification Scheme) card is expected on most construction sites. The British Woodworking Federation (BWF) represents the joinery manufacturing sector, and the Institute of Carpenters provides professional recognition for skilled carpenters.
What to look for when hiring a carpenter
When choosing a carpenter or joiner, consider:
- Specialism — Some carpenters focus on structural first-fix work, others on fine second-fix or bespoke joinery. Ensure their skills match your project.
- Portfolio — Good carpenters take pride in their work. Ask to see photos or visit completed projects.
- Tool quality and workshop — For bespoke joinery, a carpenter with a well-equipped workshop can produce higher-quality work than one limited to site tools.
- Understanding of timber — An experienced carpenter understands wood species, movement, and finishing, which affects long-term quality.
- Public liability insurance — Essential for work on your property, particularly structural carpentry.
Frequently Asked Questions
How much does a carpenter cost?
Carpenter day rates range from £200–£300. Door hanging costs £40–£80 per door. Skirting and architrave fitting costs £8–£15 per metre. A fitted wardrobe costs £1,500–£4,000. Bespoke kitchen fitting costs £1,500–£3,000 for labour. Complex bespoke joinery is typically quoted per project.
What is the difference between a carpenter and a joiner?
Traditionally, a carpenter works on site (fixing timber in place — roofs, floors, partitions) while a joiner works in a workshop (making items like doors, windows, staircases, and furniture). In practice, many tradespeople do both. The distinction is more relevant to specialist work: bespoke furniture and staircase makers are typically joiners; those framing roofs and fitting out houses are site carpenters.